Understanding Qurbani and Its Importance for Muslims

What Qurbani means in Islam?

Udhiya or Qurbani is an Arabic word that means sacrifice. This effort is done by the Muslims to get closer to Allah (swt). The Qurbani or sacrifice is done of animals to commemorate Prophet Ibrahim’s (A.S) selfless submission and willingness to give up what was important to him for the sake of Allah (swt). The sacrifice of animals takes place between 10th and 12th of Dhul-Hijjah, the last month of the Islamic calendar.

Eid-ul-Adha is celebrated every year to remember the humble act and sacrifice of Ibrahim (AS) who was tested by Allah in the form of sacrificing his only son (son was not sacrificed but Hazrat Ibrahim (AS) and Ismail (AS) was tested by Allah). The practice of Qurbani was originated from his act of obedience and unwavering faith.

Allah says in the Quran in Surah Hajj,

“And for you have We made the sacrificial animal from among the salient features of (the Deen of) Allah; for you therein is much good….” [22:36].

Historical Context: Prophet Ibrahim’s (AS) Sacrifice

To understand the significance of Qurbani, let us explore the history and reason behind qurbani. Prophet Ibrahim dreamt that Allah (swt) ordered him to sacrifice his only son, Ismail (AS). He agreed to obey the commandment of Allah and presented his son for sacrifice in front of Allah. And when he laid knife upon his neck, Allah then intervened and rewarded him by sending a large ram for sacrifice. This proved the devotion and love Prophet Ibrahim (AS) had for Allah.

The sacrifice we make every year as the final right of Hajj, is a reminder of Prophet Ibrahim (AS) obedience to Allah in every circumstance. It is a reminder for Muslims to sacrifice anything for Allah no matter what.

What does Qurbani Teaches us?

In a Hadith, the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) said:

“There is no act of man on the day of Nahr (Eid al-Adha) more beloved unto Allah than the sacrifice. And indeed, the sacrificed animal will appear on Qiyamat day with its horns, hooves and skin. And indeed, the blood of the sacrifice is accepted by Allah even before it touches the ground. So, perform the sacrifice with a happy heart” [Ibni Maja, Tirmidhi].

Qurbani is an act of obedience and charity for Muslims. This element echoes through out in our religion.

For Allah (swt) true believers are those people “who are steadfast in prayer and give Zakat” [5:55].

This is how we are differentiated as people who not only strive to become better spiritually but also work towards contributing to the society. Consistent charity and spending in the way of Allah is a constant part of our faith for showing our devotion for Allah.

In the Surah Hajj, Allah states:

“And whosoever reveres the salient features of Allah; this is indeed from the piety of the heart.” [22:32]

How is Qurbani Done?

On the 10th of Dhul-Hijjah, Muslims from all over the world perform Qurbani by slaughtering an animal and celebrating the occasion of Eid-ul-Adha. Every Muslim having the means to perform qurbani must do it by keeping in mind the following rules:

• Buy sheep or goats of at least one year.
• Buffalos and cows must be at least two years old.
• Camels must be of five years old.
• They must be of good health and not underweight, blind or limping.
• Must have a broken tooth and have horns that are broken from its roots.

Above mentioned rules must be kept in mind while sacrificing animal for the sake of Allah (swt). Traditionally, the person performing qurbani is advised to slaughter by saying “Bismillah, wa Allahu Akbar”. The meat of the animal is then divided into three portions where one-third is for the poor, two-third for relatives and the final part for their own self. The distribution is done with the intention of sharing with others and act as a reminder of our duties.

There are people who chose to even give their share of meet entirely towards needy ones to show complete sacrifice of their wealth. These people honour what Allah has blessed them with. It is a way that connects with the humanity.

"The man who offers sacrifice should keep this fact uppermost in his mind that the most important motive behind this is the willing submission to Allah” [Tafsir Ibn Kathir,183].